Anarcho-capitalism

Anarcho-capitalism (also known as free-market anarchism) is an individualist anarchist.

[1] political philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and the elevation of the sovereign individual in a free market. In an Anarcho-capitalist society, law enforcement, courts, and all other security services would be provided by voluntarily-funded competitors such as private defense agencies rather than through compulsory taxation. Because personal and economic activities would be regulated by the natural laws of the market through private law rather than through politics, victimless crimes and crimes against the state would be rendered moot.

[2] Anarcho-capitalists argue for a society based in voluntary trade of private property (including money, consumer goods, land, and capital goods) and services in order to maximize individual liberty and prosperity, but also recognize charity and communal arrangements as part of the same voluntary ethic.

[3] Though Anarcho-capitalists are known for asserting a right to private (individualized or joint non-public) property, non-state community property can also exist in an Anarcho-capitalist society.

[4] For them, what is important is that it is acquired and transferred without help or hindrance from the compulsory state. Anarcho-capitalist libertarians believe that the only just, and/or most economically-beneficial, way to acquire property is through voluntary trade, gift, or labor-based original appropriation, rather than through aggression or fraud. Individualist anarchist[5]

[5] Anarcho-capitalists see free-market capitalism as the basis for a free and prosperous society. Murray Rothbard said that the difference between free-market capitalism and "state capitalism" is the difference between "peaceful, voluntary exchange" and a collusive partnership between business and government that uses coercion to subvert the free market.

[6] "Capitalism," as Anarcho-capitalists employ the term, is not to be confused with state monopoly capitalism, crony capitalism, corporatism, or contemporary mixed economies, wherein natural market incentives and disincentives are skewed by state intervention.

[7] So they reject the state, based on the belief that states are aggressive entities which steal property (through taxation and expropriation), initiate aggression, are a compulsory monopoly on the use of defensive and/or punitive force, use their coercive powers to benefit some businesses and individuals at the expense of others, create monopolies, restrict trade, and restrict personal freedoms via drug laws, compulsory education, conscription, laws on food and morality, and the like. The embrace of unfettered capitalism leads to considerable tension between Anarcho-capitalists and many social anarchists who tend to distrust the market, and believe that free-market capitalism is inherently authoritarian.

Various theorists have differing, though similar, philosophies which are considered to fall under "Anarcho-capitalism." The first well-known version of Anarcho-capitalism was formulated by Austrian School economist and libertarian Murray Rothbard in the mid-twentieth century, synthesizing elements from the Austrian School of economics, classical liberalism, and nineteenth century American individualist anarchists Lysander Spooner and Benjamin Tucker (rejecting their labor theory of value and the normative implications they derived from it).

[8] In Rothbardian Anarcho-capitalism, there would first be the implementation of a mutually agreed-upon libertarian "legal code which would be generally accepted, and which the courts would pledge themselves to follow."

[9] This legal code would recognize sovereignty of the individual and the principle of non-aggression. However, in David D. Friedman's Anarcho-capitalism, "the systems of law will be produced for profit on the open market",

[10] which he believes would lead to a generally libertarian society if not an absolute one. Rothbard bases his philosophy on absolutist natural law grounds but also gives economic explanations of why he thinks Anarcho-capitalism is preferable on pragmatic grounds. Friedman says he is not an absolutist rights theorist but is also "not a utilitarian", however, he does believe that "utilitarian arguments are usually the best way to defend libertarian views".

[11] Hans-Hermann Hoppe, meanwhile, uses "argumentation ethics" for his foundation of "private property anarchism",

[12] which is closer to Rothbard's natural law approach. Not everyone who believes anarchistic free-market capitalism as the best system refers to themselves as an Anarcho-capitalists, such as Wendy McElroy who calls herself simply an individualist anarchist.

Anarcho-capitalism uses the following terms in ways that may differ from common usage or various anarchist movements.

Anarchism: any philosophy that opposes all forms of initiatory coercion (includes opposition to the State)
Contract: a voluntary binding agreement between persons
Coercion: physical force or threat of such against persons or property
Capitalism: economic system where the means of production are privately owned, and where investments, production, distribution, income, and prices are determined through the operation of a free market rather than by government
Free market: a market where all decisions regarding transfer of money, goods (including capital goods), and services are voluntary
Fraud: inducing one to part with something of value through the use of dishonesty
State: an organization that taxes and engages in regularized and institutionalized aggressive coercion
Voluntary: any action not influenced by coercion or fraud perpetrated by any human agency

Anarcho-capitalist flag

Rothbard says in "Justice and Property Right" that "any identifiable owner (the original victim of theft or his heir) must be accorded his property." In the case of slavery, Rothbard says that in many cases "the old plantations and the heirs and descendants of the former slaves can be identified, and the reparations can become highly specific indeed." He believes slaves rightfully own any land they were forced to work on under the "homestead principle." If property is held by the state, Rothbard advocates its confiscation and return to the private sector: "any property in the hands of the State is in the hands of thieves, and should be liberated as quickly as possible." For example, he proposes that State universities be seized by the students and faculty under the homestead principle. Rothbard also supports expropriation of nominally "private property" if it is the result of state-initiated force, such as businesses who receive grants and subsidies. He proposes that businesses who receive at least 50% of their funding from the state be confiscated by the workers.

The NCP is totally against Anarcho-capitalism, without a strong central government for international trade, national defense, and national order the country would not survive as union of states if at all. Our founding fathers had a great idea of a democratic Constitutional Republic. There has never been a successful anarchist country capitalist or otherwise. With Anarcho-capitalism there is no Nationalism!